Concrete-pavement construction



Aug. 19, 1924, 1,505,174

E. K. TRIOL CONCRETE PAVEMENT CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 9, 1922 W Z f7 M5E M Patented Aug. 19, 1924.

UNITED STATES EDWARD K. TRIOL, OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON.

Y CONCRETE-PAVEMENT CONSTRUCTION.

Application led February 9, 1922. Serial No. 535,258.

To all whom z't may cof/wem: f

Be it known that I, EDWARD K. TnIoL, a citizen of the United States, andresident of Seattle, in the county of King and State of Vashington, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Concrete PavementConstruction, of which the following is a specification, 4referencebeing had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to concrete pavements and to forming the same',the ends sought being: a satisfactory pavement that can be producedrapidly and at ,low cost by ordinary workmen; that allows expansion;that is readily made of any desired width without losing itsadvantagesg' that may rise and fall unequally, to a moderate extent,without cracking; that consists of constituent blocks or areas arrangedto transmit load strains from one to another without olf-setting at thelines of division; that contains simple and eiective metal reinforcementtying its segments or blocks together; that has its consecutiveconstituent segments so connected that one cannot either rise or fallwithout the other, and yet may have a plurality of segments removed andreplaced together or simultaneously.

lln the accompanying drawings, which are largely diagrammatic,

Figure 1 is a plan view of a portion of the pavement in place.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view on a larger scale, showing portions of twoconnected consecutive blocks or segments.

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3, Fig.

2, reinforcement being shown. p

Fig. 11 is a similar section through a joint arranged for expansion.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a portion of ametal jo1nt-formingmember.

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are plan views of slightly dierent forms of the memberof Fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is an end view ot the structure of Fig. 5.

Fig. 10 is a view like Fig. 3 showing the blocks or segments thickenednear the joints.

1n these gures, 11, 12, 13, 14 represent marginally interlockingconcrete slabs, 11 and 12, extending across the way to be aved orsurfaced with concrete, and 13, 14 blocks or slabs narrower than the wato carry, respectively, trallic in op osite 'rections, both forms beingused, when desired, in the same traiiic avenue, conditions varying indifferent sections. The contiguous margins of successive slabs areinterlocked by projections from the lower part of each fitting incorresponding recesses in the margin of the other and barringindependent movement of' either except longitudinally of the roadway andin the common plane of the slabs. Each slab has, preferably, a shoulder15 extending downwardly for a short distance from its upper surface, andbelow this shoulder a series of salient portions 16 alternating withrecesses 17, formed by undercutting. The salient portions or projections16, fit in recesses, like the recesses 17, in the companion slab, and inthe recessses 17, fit corresponding projections on the other slab.Preferablyall the projections slope downward and are transverse withrespect lto the general vertical plane of the shoulder 15. Two slabsformed in this manner can` be moved perpendicularly to the joint intoclose engagement, as in Fig. 2, but they cannot move otherwiserelatively, to any eat extent without breaking the projections 16. Whenit is desired to increase the strength of these projections withoutgreat increase in cost, the slabs are thickened downwardly near thejoint, as indicated in Fig. 10.

Slabs such as thus far set forthspecitically can be produced in advanceot the time of use and stored in any quantity. In

many cases, however, it is preferred to form the slabs successively inplace on the roadway, and in doing this thin metal, edgeforming memberssuch as shown in Fi 5 are used. These are or may be formedg by providinga plane metal sheet, shearing it from its lower margin upwardly atintervals corresponding to t-he width ot the projections and recessesabove mentioned, the cuts extending upwardly to a line as tar below theupper edge as the distance bev tween the upper and lower-f limits ot theshoulder 15. At this line, the parts 18, 19 between the cuts are bentalternately in opposite directions at an angle corresponding to theslope of the upper surfaces of the projections 16; and if desired,triangular pieces 20, perpendicular to the plane of the incut margin ofthe sheet, are secured to the end margins of the laterally bent portions18, 19. This st-ructure is placed upright upon the base which is tosupport the slabs, and is usually supported laterally upon one side bystakes 21, 22. Plastic Mld concrete is then placed upon the oppositeside of the form and brought up to its upper edge. If this be allowed toset, the form could be removed and used again, but is preferred to leaveit in place and add concrete upon its opposite side to form a secondslab.'

Preferably this form is perforated as at 23 to allow the passage ofreinforcing lo-ngitudinal rods 24 passing obliquely through this memberfrom a horizontal plane near the lower side of the slab to a parallelplane near the upper side of the companion slab, as shown in Fig. 3.Other reinforcing rods 25 are placed near the planes just mentioned andtransverse with respect to the rods iirst mentioned.

Instead of the form shown in Fig. 5, the forms of Figs. 6, 7 or 8 may beused, the plane sheet having the same upper margin al portion as before,but the lower part being formed by pressing portions 26, 27, Fig. 6, or28, 29, Fig. 7, or 30, 31, Fig. 8, alternately to op-posite sides of theplane upper portion 32 of the sheet. These forms require greater initialoutlay, but are simpler, and in the end less expensive.

Obviously, the metal form engages the concrete on each face in suchmanner as to aid in transmitting load strains. It is also clear that theshoulder avoids any thin edge of concrete that might crumble undertraflic; and the method of insertin therein forcing rods seems to need.noex'p anation.

To provide for expansion ofthe pavement two duplicate edge-formingplates such as that of Fig. 5 for example, are used in certain jointswhere they are parallel and spaced apart, the intervening space beingfilled with asphalt or other yielding material 40, as shown in Fig. 4.

For allowing change in direction .of the edge-forming plate, its upperportion 32 may be sheared partly across, as at 33, Fig. 5, and ifdesired the upper edge of the metal form may lie at a short distancebelow the upper surfaces of the adjacent slabs, as indicated in Fig. 3.

What I claim is 1. A broad concrete paving slab having along one side,and at some distance directly below its upper face, alternatingyprojections and recesses with their lateral faces perpendieular to saidside and adapted to lie and closely lit in corresponding recesses andprojections, respectively, along the margin of a companion slab.

2. A broad concrete paving slab having at its upper side a vertical edgesurface and below that surface a horizontal series of spaced projectionswith downwardly and outwardly inclined upper faces and further having inthe lower portion of the slab between Iconsecutive projections a seriesof recesses adapted to be occupied, respectively, by projections of asimilar set on the edge of a companion slab in the same plane.

3. A broad concrete paving slab having at one edge, materially below itsupper surface, a series of projections extending beyond the general line0f said edge, and further having between said projections a series ofrecesses extending to the opposite side of said general line.

4. In concrete paving construction, the combination with a metal jointplate having a substantially erect upper marginal portion and below thatportion segments bent alternately, in opposite directions to lie indownwardly divergent planes, of concrete slabs, in a plane, fittingopposite sides of said joint plate, respectively.

5. A concrete paving slab having above near one margin a shoulderextending downwards t0 some distance from its upper surface and providedwith a series of projections having inclined upper surfaces extendingobliquely downward and outward from said shoulder, and further havingbetween said projections recesses adapted to receive like projections ona companion slab, a thin metal .plate being placed between the marginsand fitting both.

6. The combination with two contiguous concrete slabs each havinginclined portions which project into corresponding recesses in the lowerpart of the companion slabs edge, of a metal plate :between said marginsand litting both, and reinforcing rods passing obliquely from the lowerportion of one slab, through the interposed plate and held in the upperportion of the other slab.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aiix my signature.

EDWARD K. TRIOL.

